Team:Northwestern

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<!-- LAST EDITED: 8/21 6:09 PM -->
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<!-- To-do list (8/21)
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    - Get a Gallery
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    - Fix the "view source" bar
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        - Remove hover css
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        - Make plain black/grey text color
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        - Remove background color
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    - Get linked logos to each sponsor
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        - 3 columns grid
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-->
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</style>  
</style>  
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<div class = "main_banner">  
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<script type="text/javascript">
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern"> Home </a>
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function changeImage(current) {
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Team"> Team </a>
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var imagesNumber = 5;
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    <a href = "https://igem.org/Team.cgi?year=2013&team_name=Northwestern"> Official Team Profile </a>
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Project"> Project </a>
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Parts"> Parts Submitted </a>
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    <a href = https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Modeling"> Modeling </a>
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Notebook"> Notebook </a>
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Safety"> Safety </a>
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    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Attributions"> Attributions </a>
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<div class = "header">
 
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    <p id = "title"> Northwestern iGEM </p>
 
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    <p id = "slogan"> Subtitle here </p>
 
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    <!--<a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Notebook"> To Notebook </a> </br>
 
-
    <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Team"> To all the stuff we need </a> </br>
 
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    <p style = "font-size: 24px"> Welcome to 2013 Northwestern iGEM Page! </p> -->
 
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    <p style = "font-size:16px; color:red"> The site is currently under construction. The page will be pretty later. I promise!</p>
 
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</div>
 
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<!--<div class = "menu">
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</br>
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    <table>
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    <tr>
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        <td width = "50px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern"> Home </a></td>
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        <td width = "50px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Team"> Team </a> </td>
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        <td width = "180px"> <a href = "https://igem.org/Team.cgi?year=2013&team_name=Northwestern"> Official Team Profile </a></td>
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        <td width = "60px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Project"> Project </a></td>
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        <td width = "130px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Parts"> Parts Submitted </a></td>
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        <td width = "90px"> <a href = https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Modeling"> Modeling </a></td>
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        <td width = "70px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Notebook"> Notebook </a></td>
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        <td width = "70px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Safety"> Safety </a></td>
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        <td width = "70px"> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Attributions"> Attributions </a></td>
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    GALLERY
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<a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Human_Practice"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/1/1c/NorthwesternHuman-practices-gallery.gif" alt=""/> </a>
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<div id="normal4">
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/3/39/NorthwesternOral-health-gallery.gif" alt=""/>
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</div>
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<div id="normal5">
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<a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/methods"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/7/73/NorthwesternMETHODS-GALLERY.gif" alt=""/> </a>
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<div id="thumbs">
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<a href="javascript: changeImage(1);"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/e/ef/Dual-state-gallery-small.gif" alt="" /></a>
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<a href="javascript: changeImage(2);"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/1/13/NorthwesternHuman-practices-gallery-small.gif" alt="" /></a>
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<a href="javascript: changeImage(3);"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/b/b6/Meet-the-team-small.gif" alt="" /></a>
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<a href="javascript: changeImage(4);"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/4/4b/Oral-health-gallery-small.gif" alt="" /></a>
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<a href="javascript: changeImage(5);"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/b/b5/METHODS-GALLERY-small.gif" alt="" /></a>
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<p id = "project-description-title"> <!--<font size=1>N</font> <font size=2>N</font> <font size=3>N</font> <font size=4>N</font> <font size=5>N</font>--> NUtralize! </p>
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<div id = "project-description">  
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  <p>  Poor oral health (tooth decay and infection) can lead to many painful symptoms and complicated treatments.  Mouth bacteria are a primary culprit in tooth decay, as lactic acid secreted by natural bacteria in the human mouth decreases pH, leading to cavity formation. The enamel demineralization threshold is known to be around pH 5.5.  The overall vision of our project is to prevent mouth pH from falling below 5.5 by engineering bacteria to sense pH and respond by increasing the alkalinity. To do this, we aimed to create genetic pH sensing elements that would work in the mouth. <p/>
 +
<p>Our project laid the foundation for a dual-state promoter consisting of two promoters in series: a constitutive promoter active at a (tunable) basal level and an upstream, pH-inducible promoter. Previous research has found that the E. coli genes Asr and GadA are highly expressed when pH drops below 5.5. This research drove us to choose the promoter elements for GadA and Asr as our pH-inducible promoters. </p>
 +
<p>We have characterized a new pH-responsive promoter (Asr) as well as an iGEM-characterized promoter (GadA) and a constitutive promoter (Lpp).  Ongoing work will evaluate how promoters in series affect each other and further characterize the dual state phenomenon. Here we used E. coli  for the ease at which it is genetically manipulated to provide proof of principle. Additionally, we tested these promoters with GFP for an easy visual output. Ultimately the aim is to engineer bacteria native to the oral microbiome to sense and respond to drops in pH. We envision that these bacteria will induce enzymes that catalyze reactions to counteract the decrease in pH, preventing the demineralization of the tooth. </p>
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<div id = "problem">
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<p id = "first-row-title"> Summary of Problem </p>
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                <center> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/problem"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/thumb/2/2c/Summary-of-problem.gif/600px-Summary-of-problem.gif" width="120" height="120"/> </a></center>
 +
<p id = "first-row-description"> Following meals, the pH within the mouth drops substantially which leads to cavities. </p>
 +
             
 +
</div>
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<div id = "pH">
 +
<p id = "first-row-title"> pH </p> 
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                <center> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/detectpH"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/thumb/1/1e/Ph-image.gif/120px-Ph-image.gif" width="120" height="120"/></center>
 +
<p id = "first-row-description"> The first step in combating cavities is to create a bacteria that can detect pH. </p>
 +
</div>
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<div id = "dual-state">
 +
<p id = "first-row-title"> Dual State Promoter </p>
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                <center> <a href = "https://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/dualstate"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/thumb/1/14/Dual-state-image.gif/180px-Dual-state-image.gif" width="120" height="120"/></center> </a>
 +
<p id = "first-row-description"> In order for a quick response from basal level, we designed the dual state promoter. </p>
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</div>
</div>
</div>
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</html>
</html>

Latest revision as of 04:04, 28 September 2013



NUtralize!

Poor oral health (tooth decay and infection) can lead to many painful symptoms and complicated treatments. Mouth bacteria are a primary culprit in tooth decay, as lactic acid secreted by natural bacteria in the human mouth decreases pH, leading to cavity formation. The enamel demineralization threshold is known to be around pH 5.5. The overall vision of our project is to prevent mouth pH from falling below 5.5 by engineering bacteria to sense pH and respond by increasing the alkalinity. To do this, we aimed to create genetic pH sensing elements that would work in the mouth.

Our project laid the foundation for a dual-state promoter consisting of two promoters in series: a constitutive promoter active at a (tunable) basal level and an upstream, pH-inducible promoter. Previous research has found that the E. coli genes Asr and GadA are highly expressed when pH drops below 5.5. This research drove us to choose the promoter elements for GadA and Asr as our pH-inducible promoters.

We have characterized a new pH-responsive promoter (Asr) as well as an iGEM-characterized promoter (GadA) and a constitutive promoter (Lpp). Ongoing work will evaluate how promoters in series affect each other and further characterize the dual state phenomenon. Here we used E. coli for the ease at which it is genetically manipulated to provide proof of principle. Additionally, we tested these promoters with GFP for an easy visual output. Ultimately the aim is to engineer bacteria native to the oral microbiome to sense and respond to drops in pH. We envision that these bacteria will induce enzymes that catalyze reactions to counteract the decrease in pH, preventing the demineralization of the tooth.

Summary of Problem

Following meals, the pH within the mouth drops substantially which leads to cavities.

Dual State Promoter

In order for a quick response from basal level, we designed the dual state promoter.

Retrieved from "http://2013.igem.org/Team:Northwestern"