Team:Kyoto/Humanpractice

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=HumanPractice=
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=Human Practices<br> -To spread LIFESCIENCE throughout the world=
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'''Poster session at the school festival'''<br>
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(2010年iGEMJapanは、遺伝子組み換え及び遺伝子工学についてのイメージ調査を行い)
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In 2010, iGEMJapan carried out an attitude survey on genetically modifying and genetically engineering and we concluded that
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(2010にリンク張る)、”It seems that people only have abstract and unclear image to this 'professional' technique. Genetic engineering is not still so common in Japan. And many people worry about safety. So engineers are desired to develop safety of biotechnology and spread knowledge about biotechnology.” (という結論を得た。その結果を踏まえ)Considering this conclusion, we carried out activities as below.<br>
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'''Poster session at the school festival'''<br>
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Our University has a school festival called NF every year. This is one of the biggest events in our university and many people from all around Japan visit it.<br>
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This year, iGEM Kyoto presented our project to these visitors by poster session, and this was actually broadcasted by a popular Japanese TV news program. Through this TV program, we were able to spread our activity to the general public. Moreover, many high school students studying to enter our university saw our projects, and there are even new members in iGEM Kyoto who knew iGEM through this news program.<br><br>
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'''The 4th international symposium on liberal arts and general education'''<br>
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==Introduction==
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The 4th international symposium on liberal arts and general education is a large scale symposium where many Kyoto and other university students and public people visit. Therefore, is a good opportunity to spread synthetic biology to many people.<br>
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We presented our iGEMs’ project here, and received the'' ainshutain'' prize.<br><br>
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'''Video conference with four iGEM teams'''<br>
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This year,iGEM Kyoto carried out activities to enrich people's knowledge on biotechnology because in 2010 we  and other iGEM teams in Japan carried out [https://2010.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/HumanPractice an attitude survey towards genetically modifying and genetically engineering]. From this survey, we concluded that it is important to enrich the people's knowledge on biotechnology when we want public people to accept biotechnology more. Therefore, we carried out these activities '''as below'''.
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We had a video conference with Purdue, Manchester, and NTU. This was held by Purdue, and they suggested making a web-based template system to submit and present genetic part characterization data for the parts registry. Some members from our team participated in this conference, and discussed about the topic. Through this, we helped the Purdue teams’ human practice.<br><br>
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'''Cooperation with NTU-Taiwan'''<br>
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* [[#seminar|Life Science Seminar in High School]]
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We cooperated with NTU-Taiwan which we came to know each other through the video conference held by Purdue. Since then, we were taking contact with each other. NTU-Taiwan is a new team for this year, and we sent our parts to them and they helped us characterize our parts. We believe this overseas cooperation with a new iGEM team was a great achievement.<br><br>
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* [[#nf|Poster session at the school festival]]
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* [[#symposium|The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education in Kyoto University]]
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* [[#iss|International Student Seminar]]
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* [[#start|Join "START"]]
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'''Cooperation with a new iGEM team in Japan'''<br>
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We had been carrying out these activities shown above in order to spread the basic ideas of biotechnology. However, we thought that there might be other reasons towards the fact that people are not positive to the achievements of them. Therefore, in order to determine the factors, we conducted a questionnaire.
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iGEM Biwako Nagahama is a new iGEM team of Japan. A new iGEM team has difficulty in collecting money, safety, and human practice.Since this is the first year for iGEM Biwako Nagahama to participate in the iGEM jamboree, we helped them out by teaching about this activity, and gave a hand to writing their wiki page. <br><br>
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'''Questionnaire about recognition and understanding of the life ethics'''<br>
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==Methods==
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We carried out a survey and asked some questionnaire concerning biology to 435 people. We gathered some interesting data and considered the result. After our consideration, we visited OOO, a to discuss the result.<br><br>
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'''Meeting with other iGEM teams of Japan'''<br>
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;*<FONT size="3"><B><U>How to conduct questionnaire survey</U></B></FONT><br>
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This summer, we had a meeting with other iGEM teams of Japan. This meeting was held in Tokyo Metropolitan University, and seven teams from the Japanese iGEM teams participated. In this meeting, each team presented their project and had some discussion in order to exchange ideas with each other for a further investigation.This meeting was a good opportunity to actually present our project and ask for advice.<br><br>
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'''International Student Seminar'''<br>
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In the beginning of this questionnaire, we asked answerers about their sex, country, age, religion, and profession. And, we investigated how these elements influence the answers of this questionnaire about gene modification. We conducted this survey to Japanese and non-japanese people. The countries where we conducted the questionnaire is listed below.
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iGEM Kyoto participated in ISS, short for International Student Seminar. This seminar was an official academic meeting, and the presenters and listeners were all graduate students and scholars except for our team. In this seminar, we presented our project in English. This was a good opportunity to get used to poster sessions, and through questions and discussions, we were able to find out what we need to do as our future works.
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U.S.A.: Stanford, Davis/
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Germany: Goettingen/
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Japan: Kyoto, Nara, Shiga, Okinawa/
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※How to confirm significant differences<br>
 +
Chi-square test: To test statistically the difference between the expected frequency with the measured frequency.If calculated probability (p-value) is less than 0.05, significance is confirmed statistically.
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 +
 
 +
 
 +
;*<FONT size="3"><B><U>Content</U></B></FONT><br>
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'''Questionnaire!!!!'''<br>
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Q1 Have you ever thought about experiments using living things?<br>
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1 Yes
 +
2 No<br><br>
 +
Q2 Do you think these experiments using living-creatures are permissible?  Please give X as many as you think it is permissible. <br>
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1 check
 +
2 no check<br>
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Q2.1 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can save people in disease. <br>
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Q2.2 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can save people in disease.<br>
 +
Q2.3 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can save people in disease.<br>
 +
Q2.4 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can save people in disease. <br>
 +
Q2.5 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can improve our life.<br>
 +
Q2.6 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can improve our life.<br>
 +
Q2.7 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can improve our life.<br>
 +
Q2.8 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can improve our life.<br>
 +
Q2.9 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can advance science.<br>
 +
Q2.10 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can advance science.<br>
 +
Q2.11 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can advance science.<br>
 +
Q2.12 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can advance science.<br><br>
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Q3 How much do you know about genetically modifying (GM) technology?<br>
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1 I know well.
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2 I know only its name.
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3 I do not know at all.<br><br>
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Q4 Do you think modifying creature’s gene is ethically permissible or not?<br>
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1 Yes, we can modify every creatures’ gene.
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2 Partly yes, some can be but others are not.
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3 No, any living things’ gene cannot be modified.<br><br>
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Q5 Who answered ‘partly yes’ to the fifth question, please answer this question. Which of these creatures’ gene can be modified? Please give X as many as you think it is permissible. <br>
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1 check
 +
2 no check<br>
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Q5.1 Bacteria  Q5.2 wheat Q5.3 honeybee Q5.4 killifish  Q5.5 frog
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Q5.6 chickens  Q5.7 mouse Q5.8 dog Q5.9 monkey Q5.10 human beings<br><br><br>
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==Results==
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Q4.The impression of gene engining  and religious relief. <br><br><br>
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[[File:Q4..ping.png|900px|600px]]<br>
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Yes p=0.239 Partly yes p=0.378 No p=0.0118 <br>
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We checked the correlation between whether people have specific religion and their answers to Q4.<br>
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There is no significant difference between whether people have specific religion and the answer “YES/ Partly YES”.
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There is a significant difference between whether people have specific religion and the answer “NO”.<br>
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In conclusion, it seems that whether having specific religion can influence whether GM is ethically permissible or not.<br><br>
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[https://2013.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Humanpractice/Data (All the results of the questionnaire)]<br>
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[https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/6/67/Kyoto_questionnaire_raw.xls Download raw data(xls)]
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<br><br><br>
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==Conclusion==
 +
 
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In the result of the questionnaire we conducted in 2013, we can see the influence of religion. To the contrary, the effect of knowledge level is not observed. However, in the questionnaire in 2010, people’s attitude varied according to knowledge level. In this time, since our aim is to shed light on effect except for knowledge, we made fewer question to measure knowledge level. This is why a knowledge level made next to no difference to this survey. Learning from the result of the two survey, because we should not interfere with others’ religion, we have to give them knowledge about synthetic biology considering what each individual believe in.
 +
<br><br>
 +
 
 +
;*<FONT size="3"><B><U>Future Work</U></B></FONT><br><br> 
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From the questionnaire we conducted, there seemed to be a difference in the tolerance of genetically modification, depending on the answers’ religion. Moreover, this difference may have generated not only from religion but also from the difference between region and culture. We would like to conduct surveys on factors such as region, culture, economic development, and so on, in order to find out which factor influence the tolerance.
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[[File:anke-to.png]]<br>
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==Other Activities==
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<html><a name="seminar"></a></html>
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===Life Science Seminar in High School===
 +
 
 +
Toyonaka high school conducts some programs to increase the number of students who learn university-level biology.
 +
As one of the programs, we held a seminar in Toyonaka high school at (2013/1/12-13). In this seminar, we lectured molecular biology and experiments to the students.
 +
Through this activity, students seemed to feel a familiarity with life science and we were able to give essential knowledge.
 +
 
 +
[[File:toyonaka.png]]<br>
 +
 
 +
<html><a name="nf"></a></html>
 +
===Poster session at the school festival===
 +
 
 +
Our University has a school festival called NF every year. This is one of the biggest events in our university and many people from all around Japan visit it. This year, iGEM Kyoto presented our project to these visitors by poster session, and this was actually broadcasted by a popular Japanese TV news program (Mezamashi TV). Through this TV program, we were able to spread our activity to the general public, and succeeded in increasing general knowledge towards biotechnology and life science.
 +
 
 +
[[File:NF.png]]
 +
 
 +
<html><a name="symposium"></a></html>
 +
===The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education in Kyoto University===
 +
 
 +
The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education is a large scale symposium where many students and public people visit.  Through presenting our project, we helped people understand life science. Additionally, we received the "Einstein" prize.
 +
 
 +
<html><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/0/01/Kyoto_symposium.pdf">reference.pdf</a></html>
 +
 
 +
[[File:しんぽじうむ.png| 700px]]
 +
 
 +
<html><a name="iss"></a></html>
 +
 
 +
===International Student Seminar===
 +
 
 +
iGEM Kyoto participated in the International Student Seminar(ISS). This is a seminar for young scientist from all over the world. We made a presentation about our project in English. In this event, we spread our activity about life science to many people.
 +
 
 +
[[File:ISS.png]]
 +
 
 +
<html><a name="start"></a></html>
 +
 
 +
===Join "START"===
 +
 
 +
iGEM Kyoto joined “START”, a party held in April and welcomed new students to make iGEM’s activities more common. START is a union which consists of 25 students’ organizations, and those 25 organizations encourage students to contribute to global society. For example, help students who want to study abroad, practice English to work in global society, and communicate with foreign universities.
 +
 
 +
Additionally, most of these organizations perform international scene or positively contribute to the society. Therefore, some famous companies or volunteer organizations visited this party. We advertised iGEM and succeeded in making synthetic biology more popular.
 +
 
 +
[[File:start.png]]
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{{Template:Kyoto/footer}}
{{Template:Kyoto/footer}}

Latest revision as of 12:48, 10 October 2013

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Contents

Human Practices
-To spread LIFESCIENCE throughout the world

Introduction

This year,iGEM Kyoto carried out activities to enrich people's knowledge on biotechnology because in 2010 we and other iGEM teams in Japan carried out an attitude survey towards genetically modifying and genetically engineering. From this survey, we concluded that it is important to enrich the people's knowledge on biotechnology when we want public people to accept biotechnology more. Therefore, we carried out these activities as below.

We had been carrying out these activities shown above in order to spread the basic ideas of biotechnology. However, we thought that there might be other reasons towards the fact that people are not positive to the achievements of them. Therefore, in order to determine the factors, we conducted a questionnaire.

Methods

  • How to conduct questionnaire survey

In the beginning of this questionnaire, we asked answerers about their sex, country, age, religion, and profession. And, we investigated how these elements influence the answers of this questionnaire about gene modification. We conducted this survey to Japanese and non-japanese people. The countries where we conducted the questionnaire is listed below.

U.S.A.: Stanford, Davis/ Germany: Goettingen/ Japan: Kyoto, Nara, Shiga, Okinawa/

※How to confirm significant differences
Chi-square test: To test statistically the difference between the expected frequency with the measured frequency.If calculated probability (p-value) is less than 0.05, significance is confirmed statistically.


  • Content

Questionnaire!!!!
Q1 Have you ever thought about experiments using living things?
1 Yes 2 No

Q2 Do you think these experiments using living-creatures are permissible? Please give X as many as you think it is permissible.
1 check 2 no check
Q2.1 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can save people in disease.
Q2.2 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can save people in disease.
Q2.3 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can save people in disease.
Q2.4 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can save people in disease.
Q2.5 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can improve our life.
Q2.6 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can improve our life.
Q2.7 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can improve our life.
Q2.8 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can improve our life.
Q2.9 Subjects are killed in the experiment, but it can advance science.
Q2.10 Subjects can be killed in the experiment, but it can advance science.
Q2.11 Subjects are not killed in the experiment but they never go back in nature. However, it can advance science.
Q2.12 Subjects are only observed in nature and it can advance science.

Q3 How much do you know about genetically modifying (GM) technology?
1 I know well. 2 I know only its name. 3 I do not know at all.

Q4 Do you think modifying creature’s gene is ethically permissible or not?
1 Yes, we can modify every creatures’ gene. 2 Partly yes, some can be but others are not. 3 No, any living things’ gene cannot be modified.

Q5 Who answered ‘partly yes’ to the fifth question, please answer this question. Which of these creatures’ gene can be modified? Please give X as many as you think it is permissible.
1 check 2 no check
Q5.1 Bacteria  Q5.2 wheat Q5.3 honeybee Q5.4 killifish  Q5.5 frog Q5.6 chickens  Q5.7 mouse Q5.8 dog Q5.9 monkey Q5.10 human beings


Results

Q4.The impression of gene engining and religious relief.


Q4..ping.png
Yes p=0.239 Partly yes p=0.378 No p=0.0118
We checked the correlation between whether people have specific religion and their answers to Q4.
There is no significant difference between whether people have specific religion and the answer “YES/ Partly YES”. There is a significant difference between whether people have specific religion and the answer “NO”.
In conclusion, it seems that whether having specific religion can influence whether GM is ethically permissible or not.

(All the results of the questionnaire)

Download raw data(xls)




Conclusion

In the result of the questionnaire we conducted in 2013, we can see the influence of religion. To the contrary, the effect of knowledge level is not observed. However, in the questionnaire in 2010, people’s attitude varied according to knowledge level. In this time, since our aim is to shed light on effect except for knowledge, we made fewer question to measure knowledge level. This is why a knowledge level made next to no difference to this survey. Learning from the result of the two survey, because we should not interfere with others’ religion, we have to give them knowledge about synthetic biology considering what each individual believe in.

  • Future Work

From the questionnaire we conducted, there seemed to be a difference in the tolerance of genetically modification, depending on the answers’ religion. Moreover, this difference may have generated not only from religion but also from the difference between region and culture. We would like to conduct surveys on factors such as region, culture, economic development, and so on, in order to find out which factor influence the tolerance. Anke-to.png

Other Activities

Life Science Seminar in High School

Toyonaka high school conducts some programs to increase the number of students who learn university-level biology. As one of the programs, we held a seminar in Toyonaka high school at (2013/1/12-13). In this seminar, we lectured molecular biology and experiments to the students. Through this activity, students seemed to feel a familiarity with life science and we were able to give essential knowledge.

Toyonaka.png

Poster session at the school festival

Our University has a school festival called NF every year. This is one of the biggest events in our university and many people from all around Japan visit it. This year, iGEM Kyoto presented our project to these visitors by poster session, and this was actually broadcasted by a popular Japanese TV news program (Mezamashi TV). Through this TV program, we were able to spread our activity to the general public, and succeeded in increasing general knowledge towards biotechnology and life science.

NF.png

The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education in Kyoto University

The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education is a large scale symposium where many students and public people visit. Through presenting our project, we helped people understand life science. Additionally, we received the "Einstein" prize.

reference.pdf

しんぽじうむ.png

International Student Seminar

iGEM Kyoto participated in the International Student Seminar(ISS). This is a seminar for young scientist from all over the world. We made a presentation about our project in English. In this event, we spread our activity about life science to many people.

ISS.png

Join "START"

iGEM Kyoto joined “START”, a party held in April and welcomed new students to make iGEM’s activities more common. START is a union which consists of 25 students’ organizations, and those 25 organizations encourage students to contribute to global society. For example, help students who want to study abroad, practice English to work in global society, and communicate with foreign universities.

Additionally, most of these organizations perform international scene or positively contribute to the society. Therefore, some famous companies or volunteer organizations visited this party. We advertised iGEM and succeeded in making synthetic biology more popular.

Start.png