Team:Groningen/Safety

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Revision as of 14:27, 20 September 2013

Introduction

In 1983 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first edition of the laboratory biosafety manual. This manual was composed for countries over the world to accept and implement the concepts of biological safety. This gave countries a scaffold to develop their national regulations in handeling pathogenic microorganisms.

The revised version of this manual in 2004, also addresses the current biosafety issues we are facing today, e.g. the use of genetic modified organisms (GMOs)^[1]. Also a more recent development is the upcoming field of synthetic biology, which brings along more biosafety and ethical issues (discussed below).

In here, we will address the biological safety issues directly on our project with detailed information described by various organisations such as the WHO and the Commission on Genetic Modification (COGEM).

Infective microorganisms are classified, for laboratory work, by four risk groups. In this iGEM project we are working with Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. For E. coli it is known that it can cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and could affect kidneys, however this is a low individual and community risk^[2]. B. subtilis is unlikey to cause any harm to individual and community, and is also Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) ^[3].
In this case, the only relevant risk group for our project is Risk Group 1 (no or low individual and community risk). Microorganisms classified in this group are unlikely to cause human or animal diseases are classified in this group. For Risk Group 1 a Basic Biosafety Level 1 (BSL1) laboratory is required.
For our project we work on a BSL1 lab and all persons that do laboratory related work have a Good Microbiological Techniques (GMT) certificate. With this certificate we are approved to work with Risk Group 2 organisms in a BSL2 laboratory according to the advice of the Royal Dutch Society of Microbiology.

GMT commitments:

All GMT related work can only be performed by those people that have permission from the Biological Safety Officer (Lolkema, J. S.). Work according to the rules, even if you believe there is no apparent risk. During GMT related work all doors and windows have to be closed. Verify that insects and other pests are not present in the lab. Wear a closed lab coat. Do not take this lab coat outside the GMT area unless it is absolutely necessary for the experiment. In case of a contamination of the lab coat, sterilize the lab coat first, with bleach or autoclaving, before washing. Clean and sterilize spills immediately. Report serious contamination immediately to the BSO. It is absolutely prohibited to eat, drink or smoke, or to have cups, plates, mugs or silverware in the GMT area. Pipetting by mouth is prohibited. Used pipets are collected in a disinfecting solution. Prevent aerosols. These may be created by: splashing drops; pouring of liquids; discharging pipettes; opening of moist plugs; using inoculating loops that are too hot. Use needles only if there is absolutely no alternative. Glassware and instruments that have been in contact with GMO's have to be sterilized or disinfected before being washed reused or discarded. Biological waste has to be collected in autoclavable plastic bags, which are autoclaved before discarding (use indicator tape to demonstrate that the bag was autoclaved). Wash hands with soap and water after work and before leaving the room. Bench surface areas have to be cleaned and disinfected daily. Keep area clean and organized. Record the general nature of the work clearly in a labjournal.

Synthetic Biology

Safety Precautions on the lab

Safety Aspects of Our Project

Community

Environmental