Team:Queens Canada/Project/Repel

Our idea for a mosquito repellent is to neutralize the odours that mosquitoes are attracted to. Recent studies have shown that malarial mosquitoes rely 4x more heavily on their sense of smell to find their prey. By removing the volatile compounds that cause these smells, we are effectively able to decrease the ability of mosquitoes to find humans. To achieve this end, we have created a genetic and enzymatic pathway. It begins with the uptake of isovaleric acid, the smell inducing compound, and converts it into a pleasant banana odour. Domestically, this serves as a foot deodorant but on a global scale it may also curb malaria rates.

AtoE is a non-specific membrane transporter of short-chain fatty acids endogenously expressed in E. coli. High constitutive expression of this gene would allow high intake of surrounding isovaleric acid and channelling into the breakdown pathway.

In order to isolate the gene from the E. coli genome, we designed PCR primers such that the AtoE gene could be replicated with the biobrick cut sites on the ends of it. The size of the AtoE gene is 1323bp. With the addition of 43bp from the biobrick prefix and suffixes, we should get a band around 1.4kb as shown by the gel below of the PCR products we got.

Carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) is an enzyme that converts fatty acids such as isovaleric into aldehydes. Phosphopantetheinyl transferase (NPT) is an enzyme that induces a post-translational modification by adding a pantetheinyl arm to the active site of the carboxylic acid reductase, which is crucial for the formation of a thioester intermediate.

YjgB is a catalytic enzyme that converts aldehyde into alcohol.

Acetyl transferase 1 (ATF1) was a BioBrick created by MIT in 2006 as part of their iGEM project. It is derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and it catalyzes the conversion of isoamyl alcohol to isoamyl acetate, a compound that gives off a banana scent. This is the final step of our pathway, completing the neutralization of isovaleric acid.

In order to test the effectiveness of our part, it was necessary to create an assay to test our completed part against. The C. Elegans chemotaxis assay was chosen to test the effectiveness. The details of how this assay works can be outlined here:.



Citations Margie, O., Palmer, C., Chin-Sang, I. C. elegans Chemotaxis Assay. J. Vis. Exp. (74), e50069, doi:10.3791/50069 (2013).