Team:Hong Kong HKU/Project

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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/igem.org/a/a5/Take_a_glane_icon_00000.jpg" width="80" height="80"><font size=28>  Unwrap and Take a Glance</font size>
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Project At a glance
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Project AT a glance
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Phosphate pollution in waterways and water treatment plants is a major problem. Removal of phosphate from wastewater is required to treat phosphate-containing discharge to reduce eutrophication, algal blooms and “dead zones” in lakes, rivers and coastal marine ecosystems. The aim of this project was to remove or reduce the levels of inorganic phosphate from a system or environment by employing engineered bacteria E. capsi, capable of accumulating phosphate in the form of polyphosphate. Our strategy is to express polyphosphate kinase together with the ethanolamine utilization (eut) bacterial microcompartment from Salmonella entericato provide an environment for polyphosphate synthesis. Furthermore, the project provides a novel way to recover accumulated polyphosphate, an energy rich macromolecule with many industrial uses. This paves a way towards living system-based phosphate pollution treatment to tackle critical environmental challenges.
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<b>ONE of the Biggest Environmental Problem – Phosphate Pollution</b>
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Introduction
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Bacterial MCPs are closed polyhedral shells 100-150nm diameter made of thin protein sheets, enclosing enzymes and cofactors for carbon fixation or various forms of fermentative metabolism. Recombinant Salmonella enterica ethanolamine utilization (Eut) bacterial MCP can be expressed heterologously in E.coli, both with and without the associated interior enzymes. A clonable localization N terminal signal enabling enzyme targeting to the MCP interior has been identified.
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Strategy
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Phosphorous (P) is an essential macronutrient for all organisms and plays a part in almost all life processes. Apart from its important role in life’s metabolic activities, inorganic phosphate, in excess, can demonstrate serious environmental and ecological problems. In particular, water bodies’ enrichment with phosphate makes a critical contribution to eutrophication process, which has developed into a serious water management problem throughout the world.<br><br></font>
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E. capsi are genetically transformed such that they express Salmonella enterica Eut MCPs encodes by 5 structural gene EutS, M, N, L and K[2]. PPK enzyme (E.C. 2.7.4.1) from Tanneralla forsythia and Kingella oralis is cloned and fused with the signal peptide and targeted into the MCP. The engineered MCP is expected to form a sink for Pi in the system which after normal metabolic uptake by the bacteria is localized to the MCP where it is converted into polyphosphate. As the polyphosphate is too large to pass out of the pores of the MCP, it accumulates in the microcompartments, generating irreversibility in the process, and preventing phosphate return to the system/ environment.  
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As the main drainpipe of thrived economy in Guangdong Province, China, the Pearl River Estuary is suffering from serious eutrophication as a result of urbanization and industrial emission of nitrogen and phosphate.
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Protein modeling, based on crystallographic data, indicates that N-terminal amino acid residues of EutS shell proteins are found on the exterior surface of the MCP. To purify and recover the harvested polyphosphate, a EutS N-terminal His tag protein is genetically engineered to present exposed His tag on the exterior of the MCP. Hence the MCP containing polyphosphate can be easily purified from nickel column and the polyphosphate harvested from waste water can be utilized for multiple purposes.  
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The phosphate concentration in the water near Shenzhen Bay was the highest in Pearl River Estuary, which was over 30μgl-1. This implicated that land-based pollutants near Shenzhen Bay contributed to phosphate pollution greatly.
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Skyrocketing population expansion and intensive farming are the major causes leading to the collapse of the natural phosphorous cycle. Excess amount of phosphorous enter the system, passing through crops, animals and humans, eventually ending up in landfill or in the aquatic environment. Eutrophication induces excessive growth of algae or higher plants (algal bloom), which further lead to many water quality problems, including oxygen depletion, increased water purification costs, a decline in the amenity and conservation value of waters, loss of livestock and the possible sublethal effects of algal toxins on humans using eutrophic water supplies for drinking.
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Focusing on improving phosphate removal efficiency in the sewage treatment, We, HKU iGEM 2013 team, are trying to prevent eutrophication using Synthetic Biology.<br><br><br><br>
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Latest revision as of 23:45, 27 September 2013


E. Capsi

At a Glance M1: Phosphate Removal M2: Polyphoshate Kinase M3: Micro-compartment Modelling References
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Project At a glance

ONE of the Biggest Environmental Problem – Phosphate Pollution

Phosphorous (P) is an essential macronutrient for all organisms and plays a part in almost all life processes. Apart from its important role in life’s metabolic activities, inorganic phosphate, in excess, can demonstrate serious environmental and ecological problems. In particular, water bodies’ enrichment with phosphate makes a critical contribution to eutrophication process, which has developed into a serious water management problem throughout the world.

 As the main drainpipe of thrived economy in Guangdong Province, China, the Pearl River Estuary is suffering from serious eutrophication as a result of urbanization and industrial emission of nitrogen and phosphate.



The phosphate concentration in the water near Shenzhen Bay was the highest in Pearl River Estuary, which was over 30μgl-1. This implicated that land-based pollutants near Shenzhen Bay contributed to phosphate pollution greatly.

Skyrocketing population expansion and intensive farming are the major causes leading to the collapse of the natural phosphorous cycle. Excess amount of phosphorous enter the system, passing through crops, animals and humans, eventually ending up in landfill or in the aquatic environment. Eutrophication induces excessive growth of algae or higher plants (algal bloom), which further lead to many water quality problems, including oxygen depletion, increased water purification costs, a decline in the amenity and conservation value of waters, loss of livestock and the possible sublethal effects of algal toxins on humans using eutrophic water supplies for drinking. Focusing on improving phosphate removal efficiency in the sewage treatment, We, HKU iGEM 2013 team, are trying to prevent eutrophication using Synthetic Biology.

Our Sponsors:

lee kofa savantas ricardo


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