Team:Wellesley Desyne/zTree

zTree

TOOL OVERVIEW

zTree is an interactive, 3D visualization of the Registry of Standard Biological Parts that draws upon Parc’s Cone Trees visualization technique for representing hierarchical information. The top of the hierarchy represents a particular library, with nodes drawn like index cards to represent a generic part type—marked using Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) symbols—or a concrete biological part.

In zTree, a user can browse or search for a part of interest, display the data sheet for the part, and export any selected parts to a plain text file, which can then be imported into other programs for further use. The program also features an action log for user testing.

Implementation

zTree was built in Unity using the zSpace SDK programmed in C#. The meshes were rendered in Blender and the data are pulled via the Registry API. zTree was implemented for the zSpace system, a 3D holographic display that provides six degrees of freedom when interacting with objects on screen. The display takes advantage of binocular vision and motion parallax, two cognitive immersion cues, to render a realistic image.

Purpose

2D representations of large data sets typically do not fit within the confines of a standard screen, forcing the user to scroll or resize to see the data in its entirety. zTree's use of 3D carousels maximizes screen real estate, thereby allowing the user to visualize the whole structure at once.

Our goals for zTree this summer were twofold:
1. Provide users with an intuitive, interactive way to navigate the Registry of Standard Biological Parts.
2. Create a modular enough solution so that the application could eventually be used for a wide array of part registries and libraries.

Results

We conducted a preliminary usability study of zTree with 9 Wellesley College students. The study employed a within subjects design, aiming to compare how students accomplished a series of simple tasks on zTree versus the Registry of Standard Biological Parts website. The students were asked to browse for a specific part, estimate the number of parts in a category, and compare two different part types.

The task list was devised to:
1. Study the effect of zTree's carousel structure on the user’s ability to understand hierarchical relationships and estimate the size of the data space.
2. Improve functionality and evaluate overall experience through qualitative user feedback and survey responses.

After the study, participants were asked to choose the application that was easier to use, zTree or the Registry website, for individual subtasks. People generally found zTree more helpful than the Registry in terms of visualizing the entire structure and understanding hierarchy (see Figure at right).

User quotes consistently provided support for these findings:

• “It's great how easy it is to compare and view relationships of the different parts.”
• "I really liked being able to browse through multiple hierarchies at once."
• "I liked the visual structure of the data. It made it really easy to understand the hierarchy of the information I was viewing."

6 of the 9 users also "Agreed" or “Strongly Agreed” that the zTree application was visually appealing. We also received constructive criticism and feedback, which have informed our future goals for zTree.

Demo

Future Work

• Animate carousels on and off screen
• Improve search function for specific parts
• Allow use of data sets from other databases
• Eliminate "ghosting" to improve visualization
• Allow use of pen for navigation and spinning of carousels