Team:Tokyo Tech

Project Background

In this iGEM Competition, we intended to tell the public about the development of synthetic biology, especially about the network programming, as well as we enjoyed our activity for iGEM. Tokyo Tech 2013 assisted with an experiment workshop for high school students, participated in a poster session and collected feedback from public people as human practice (Fig. 1-1-1). We learned that an interesting story is an easier way to make general people understand the importance of genetic programming in synthetic biology. To respond further to the feedback that we received, we also address a farming issue. Thus, we designed a story which contains a farming issue and a state switching circuit in E. coli, the life of ninja: battle and farming.

(Go to Human Practice page)

[Fig. 1-1-1. Poster session]
Yellow labels and blue labels are sticked on our posters.

[Fig. 1-1-2. Ninja vs. Samurai in Tokyo Tech]

Story

Ninja is a Japan's ancient spy-warrior. Ninja usually mimics an ordinary civilian. Once he detects samurai who is the target of assassination, he immediately gets ready for battle. He attacks samurai by throwing so-called "ninja stars." These weapons are called "shuriken" in Japanese (Fig. 1-1-2).

Project Overview

In our programming of artificial genetic circuit, E. ninja heads casts. In response to E. civilian signal or E. samurai signal, E. ninja changes its state: "Mimic state" or "Attack state." The circuit of E. ninja contains a bi-stable switch part and a signal dependent switching part. We decided to use 3OC6HSL and 3OC12HSL as the signals. The crosstalk between these two signals is well known as a significant problem in synthetic biology. To realize an accurate switching, we designed a circuit which achieved the circumvention of crosstalk that occurs in bacterial cell-cell communication system (Fig. 1-1-4).

(Go to State Switching page)

[Fig. 1-1-3. The result of our wet experiment for the circumvention of the crosstalk]
The level of GFP expression in cells, when TetR is active, was clearly lower than that when TetR is inhibited. Even with activated LasR, lux/tet hybrid promoter (BBa_K1139110) was repressed by TetR precisely. This result showed that our network including TetR can circumvent crosstalk by the activated LasR.

[Fig. 1-1-4 Our designed circuit for the circumvention of crosstalk]
We designed the circumvention of crosstalk by network engineering.

Our wet experiment results showed that the combination of lux/tet hybrid promoter and TetR protein circumvented the crosstalk by preventing the LasR protein from acting on LuxR-binding sequences (Fig. 1-1-3). Our mathematical model based on these results showed the circumvention of crosstalk in the circuit including toggle switch and crosstalk circumvention system(Fig. 1-1-5).

(Go to Modeling page)

[Fig. 1-1-6. Our new part for inducible phage release]
We designed a new part for inducible phage release. Any promoter is allowed to be inserted upstream of g2p to regulate the phage release.

[Fig. 1-1-7. Distribution of plaques and analysis]
We analyzed the distribution of the plaques by using ImageJ.

In addition, E. ninja releases M13 phage, which corresponds to shuriken, when E. ninja receives E. samurai signal. The inducible phage release will open a new way in synthetic biology by achieving the programmed DNA messaging (Fig. 1-1-6).

(Go to Shuriken page)

In the second-life story, E. ninja starts farming in a peaceful village. He can increase plant growth by synthesizing several plant hormones depending on the soil environment. We constructed an improved phosphate sensor (phoA promoter, BBa_K1139201). Also, we learned methods for quantitative analysis for cytokinin, one of the plant hormones, through a bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts (Fig. 1-1-8). Towards further consideration of farming with microbes, we also continued the human practice investigation through some interviews with science foundations and organizations (Fig. 1-1-8).

(Go to Farming page)

Future Works

[Fig. 1-1-8. Our bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts]
We cultivated the sprouts in standard cytokinin sample solutions and then measured the weights of the sprouts and the concentrations of chlorophyll.

We believe that our project can contribute to various fields. First, our crosstalk circumvention system gives more flexibility to design genetic circuits. By adding only a few genes, you can circumvent crosstalk of AHL. Second, our inducible phage release system can make DNA messaging more complex and more diverse. Moreover, for bioremediation, we can search for new M13 phage hosts by using our designed M13 phage. Finally, our farming project is expected to act as a pioneering trail toward new approaches in farming. Especially, our strategy to produce plant hormones in temporal patterns in E. coli can be applied to studying the plants' response to external plant hormones. We hope to contribute to spreading the importance and the great possibilities of synthetic biology through the public.