Team:Tokyo Tech

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<h1>Abstract</h1>
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We intend to send a message to society so as to let them know the development of synthetic biology, especially the development of the network programming, as well as we enjoy our activity for iGEM. <br>
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<h3><font size="6">P</font>roject Background</h3>
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Tokyo_tech2013 joined an “experiment workshop” for high school students and collected questionnaires from public people as human practice. (Fig. 1) Now we know that an interesting story makes general people easily understand importance of programming of genetic circuits in synthetic biology. (Fig. 2) To respond to the public's expectations further, we also look to address a farming issue. Thus we made this story, <b>the life of the ninja: battle and farming</b>.
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In this iGEM Competition, we intended to tell the public about the development of synthetic biology, especially about the network programming, as well as we enjoyed our activity for iGEM. Tokyo Tech 2013 assisted with an experiment workshop for high school students, participated in a poster session and collected feedback from public people as human practice (Fig. 1-1-1). We learned that an interesting story is an easier way to make general people  
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understand the importance of genetic programming in synthetic biology.  
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To respond further to the feedback that we received, we also address a farming issue. Thus, we designed a story which contains a farming issue and a state switching circuit in <i>E. coli</i>, the life of ninja: battle and farming.
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<div align="right"><a href="">(go to Human Practice page)</a></div></p></h2>
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<div align="right"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Human_Practice#1._Introduction">(Go to Human Practice page)</a></div></p></h2>
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<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Human_Practice#2._Human_Practice_1:_Experiment_Workshop"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/0/06/Titech2013_home_Fig1_human_experiment.jpg" width="300"></a><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1 Human Practice experiment]<br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-1. Poster session]<br>
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We did experiment class for high school students.
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Yellow labels and blue labels are sticked on our posters.
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<h4>[Fig. 2 Human Practice questionnaire]<br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-2. Ninja vs. Samurai in Tokyo Tech]<br></h4>
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<h3><font size="6">S</font>tory</h3>
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Ninja is a Japan’s ancient spy-warrior. Usually ninja disguises himself as an ordinary civilian in public. Once he detects samurai who is the assassination target, he immediately gets ready for battle. He defeats samurai with shuriken, throwing knives.
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Ninja is a Japan's ancient spy-warrior. Ninja usually mimics an ordinary civilian. Once he detects samurai who is the target of assassination, he immediately gets ready for battle. He attacks samurai by throwing so-called "ninja stars". These weapons are called "shuriken" in Japanese (Fig. 1-1-2).
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<iframe width="400" height="300" src="" frameborder="1" allowfullscreen>Coming soon...</iframe>
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<h3 style="color:#d3381c;">Click a step shown below to know what happens in our circuit!</h3>
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<span onclick="show(1)"><img id="step1" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/4/47/Titech2013_home_step1active.gif" width="400" border=0 onmouseover=this.src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/4/47/Titech2013_home_step1active.gif" onmouseout=this.src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/d/d8/Titech2013_home_step1.gif"></span></td>
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<h3><font size="6">P</font>roject Overview</h3>
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<h2><p>In our programming of artificial genetic circuit, <i>E. ninja</i> heads casts. In response to <i>E. civilian</i> signal or <i>E. samurai</i> signal, <i>E. ninja</i> changes its state: "Mimic state" or "Attack state". The circuit of <i>E. ninja</i> contains a bi-stable switch part and a signal dependent switching part. We decided to use 3OC6HSL and 3OC12HSL as the signals. The crosstalk between these two signals is well known as a significant problem in synthetic biology. To realize an accurate switching, we designed a circuit which achieved the circumvention of crosstalk that occurs in bacterial cell-cell communication system (Fig. 1-1-4).
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<div align="right"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Project/Ninja_State_Switching#1._Introduction">(Go to State Switching page)</a></div>
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<div align="center"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Experiment/Crosstalk_Circumvention_Assay#1._Introduction"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/6/6f/Titech2013_home_Fig3_crosstalk_assay.png" width="120" height="200" style="border: #E7E5F0 2px"></a></div><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-3. The result of our wet experiment for the circumvention of the crosstalk]<br>
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The level of GFP expression in cells, when TetR is active, was clearly lower than that when TetR is inhibited. Even with activated LasR, <i>lux/tet</i> hybrid promoter (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1139110">BBa_K1139110</a>) was repressed by TetR precisely. This result showed that our network including TetR can circumvent crosstalk by the activated LasR.
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<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Project/Ninja_State_Switching#2-2._The_problem:_crosstalk"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/6/6c/Titech2013_home_Fig4_genetic_circuit.png" width="600" height="300"></a><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 3 E.ninja genetic circuit]<br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-4. Our designed circuit for the circumvention of crosstalk]<br>
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We designed the circumvention of crosstalk by network engineering.
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<h2><p>In our programming of artificial genetic circuit, E. ninja heads the cast. In response to E. civilian signal or E. samurai signal, E. ninja changes its state: “mimic state” and “attack state”. The circuit of E. ninja contains a bi-stable switch and a signal dependent switching part. We decided to use C6-AHL and C12-AHL as signals. The crosstalk between the two signals in synthetic biology, is well known as a big problem to be addressed. To realize accurate switching, by network engineering, we designed circumvention of the crosstalk that occurs in bacterial cell-cell communication system.  (Fig. 3)
 
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<div align="right"><a href="">(go to State Changing page)</a></div>
 
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Our wet experiments shows combination of lux/tet hybrid promoter and TetR prohibited the cross talk of activated LasR protein to luxR-binding sequences. (Fig. 4) Mathematical modeling including results from our wet experiments shows the circumvention in the whole circuit. (Fig. 5) (Please compare green solid and dotted lines.)
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Our wet experiment results showed that the combination of <i>lux/tet</i> hybrid promoter and TetR protein circumvented the crosstalk by preventing the LasR protein from acting on LuxR-binding sequences (Fig. 1-1-3). Our mathematical model based on these results showed the circumvention of crosstalk in the circuit including toggle switch and crosstalk circumvention system(Fig. 1-1-5).
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<div align="right"><a href="">(go to Modeling page)</a></div>
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<div align="right"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Modeling/Crosstalk_Circumvention#1._Introduction">(Go to Modeling page)</a></div>
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<h4>[Fig. 4 Crosstalk assay]<br>This graph shows that Plux/tet hybrid promoter can suppress the crosstalk.<div align="right"><a href="">(see more)</a></div>
 
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<div align="center"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Modeling/Crosstalk_Circumvention#3._Analytical_method_of_effectiveness_of_crosstalk_prevention_circuit"><img src="/wiki/images/thumb/b/b5/Titech2013_Ninja_State_Switching_2-1_4-3.jpg/700px-Titech2013_Ninja_State_Switching_2-1_4-3.jpg" width="700"></a></div><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 5 Modeling]<br>
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<div align="center"><h4>[Fig. 1-1-5. Our mathematical model for the circuit of <i>E. ninja</i>]<br>
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The solid/dotted lines stand for the case with/without the crosstalk circumvention.
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The expression of LacI is repressed through the crosstalk circumvention.
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<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Experiment/pSB-M13_Plasmid_Assay#1._Introduction"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/5/57/Titech2013_Project_M13_shuriken_Fig_2-2-3.png" width="240"></a><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 6 M13 phage plaque]<br>We confirmed inducible M13 release by plaque assay.<div align="right"><a href="">(see more)</a></div>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-6. Our new part for inducible phage release]<br>We designed a new part for inducible phage release. Varoius promoters are allowed to be inserted upstream of <i>g2p</i> to regulate the phage release.
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<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Experiment/Inducible_Plaque_Forming_Assay#1._Introduction"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/1/1e/Titech2013_M13_Plux_Fig_3-4-4-A.jpg" width="220"></a><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-7. Distribution of plaques and analysis]<br>
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We analyzed the distribution of the plaques by using ImageJ.
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In addition, E. ninja releases M13 phage, which corresponds to shuriken, when it receives E. samurai signal. The inducible phage release will open new synthetic biology by programmed DNA messaging. (Fig. 6)
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In addition, <i>E. ninja</i> releases M13 phage, which corresponds to shuriken, when <i>E. ninja</i> receives <i>E. samurai</i> signal. The inducible phage release will open a new way in synthetic biology by achieving the programmed DNA messaging (Fig. 1-1-6).
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<div align="right"><a href="">(go to Shuriken page)</a></div>
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<div align="right"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Project/M13_Shuriken#1._Abstract">(Go to Shuriken page)</a></div>
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In the second-life story, E. ninja starts farming in a peaceful village. It can synthesize plant hormone efficiently, depending on the soil environment. We constructed a new phosphate sensor (phoA promoter). Also, we learned methods for quantitative analysis for activity of cytokinin, a plant hormone, through a bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts. Towards further consideration of farming with microbes, we have also continued the human practice investigation through some interviews with Science Foundation or Organizations spreading the science. (Fig. 7)
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In the second-life story, <i>E. ninja</i> starts farming in a peaceful village. He can increase plant growth by synthesizing several plant hormones depending on the soil environment. We constructed an improved phosphate sensor (<i>phoA</i> promoter, <a href=http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1139201>BBa_K1139201</a>). Also, we learned methods for quantitative analysis for cytokinin, one of the plant hormones, through a bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts (Fig. 1-1-8). Towards further consideration of farming with microbes, we also continued the human practice investigation through some interviews with science foundations and organizations (Fig. 1-1-8)
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<div align="right"><a href="">(go to Farming page)</a></div>
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<div align="right"><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Project/Farming">(Go to Farming page)</a></div>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><h3><font size="6">F</font>uture Works</h3>
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<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Experiment/Quantitative_Analysis_of_Cytokinin#1._Quantitative_analysis_of_cytokinins_using_cucumber_cotyledons"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/8/8a/Titech2013_home_Fig_1-1-7_cucumber.png" width="300"></a><br>
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<h4>[Fig. 7 Bioassay of plant]<br>We learned methods for quantitative analysis for cytokinin, a plant hormone, through a bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts.<div align="right"><a href="">(see more)</a></div>
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<h4>[Fig. 1-1-8. Our bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts]<br>
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We cultivated the sprouts in standard cytokinin sample solutions and then measured the weights of the sprouts and the concentrations of chlorophyll.
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We believe that our project can contribute to various fields. First, our crosstalk circumvention system gives more flexibility to design genetic circuits. By adding only a few genes, you can circumvent crosstalk of AHL. Second, our inducible phage release system can make DNA messaging more complex and more diverse. Moreover, for bioremediation, we can search for new M13 phage hosts by using our designed M13 phage. Finally, our farming project is expected to act as a pioneering trail toward new approaches in farming. Especially, our strategy to produce plant hormones in temporal patterns in <i>E. coli</i> can be applied to studying the plants' response to external plant hormones. We hope to contribute to spreading the importance and the great possibilities of synthetic biology through the public.
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<font size="10">Tokyo Tech Foundation Enterprise</font><br><br><br>
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<font size="6" style="white-space:nowrap;">Tokyo Institute of Technology Found project</font><br><br><br>
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<font size="10">Aizawa Foundation</font><br><br><br>
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<font size="6" style="white-space:nowrap;">Aizawa Foundation</font><br><br><br>
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<font size="8">Mr. Isao Ono   Mr. Fumio Hombo</font></div>
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<font size="6" style="white-space:nowrap;">Mr. Isao Ono&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mr. Fumio Hombo</font></div>
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Latest revision as of 03:43, 29 October 2013


Home

Project Background

In this iGEM Competition, we intended to tell the public about the development of synthetic biology, especially about the network programming, as well as we enjoyed our activity for iGEM. Tokyo Tech 2013 assisted with an experiment workshop for high school students, participated in a poster session and collected feedback from public people as human practice (Fig. 1-1-1). We learned that an interesting story is an easier way to make general people understand the importance of genetic programming in synthetic biology. To respond further to the feedback that we received, we also address a farming issue. Thus, we designed a story which contains a farming issue and a state switching circuit in E. coli, the life of ninja: battle and farming.


[Fig. 1-1-1. Poster session]
Yellow labels and blue labels are sticked on our posters.


[Fig. 1-1-2. Ninja vs. Samurai in Tokyo Tech]

Story

Ninja is a Japan's ancient spy-warrior. Ninja usually mimics an ordinary civilian. Once he detects samurai who is the target of assassination, he immediately gets ready for battle. He attacks samurai by throwing so-called "ninja stars". These weapons are called "shuriken" in Japanese (Fig. 1-1-2).



Click a step shown below to know what happens in our circuit!



Project Overview

In our programming of artificial genetic circuit, E. ninja heads casts. In response to E. civilian signal or E. samurai signal, E. ninja changes its state: "Mimic state" or "Attack state". The circuit of E. ninja contains a bi-stable switch part and a signal dependent switching part. We decided to use 3OC6HSL and 3OC12HSL as the signals. The crosstalk between these two signals is well known as a significant problem in synthetic biology. To realize an accurate switching, we designed a circuit which achieved the circumvention of crosstalk that occurs in bacterial cell-cell communication system (Fig. 1-1-4).


[Fig. 1-1-3. The result of our wet experiment for the circumvention of the crosstalk]
The level of GFP expression in cells, when TetR is active, was clearly lower than that when TetR is inhibited. Even with activated LasR, lux/tet hybrid promoter (BBa_K1139110) was repressed by TetR precisely. This result showed that our network including TetR can circumvent crosstalk by the activated LasR.



[Fig. 1-1-4. Our designed circuit for the circumvention of crosstalk]
We designed the circumvention of crosstalk by network engineering.

Our wet experiment results showed that the combination of lux/tet hybrid promoter and TetR protein circumvented the crosstalk by preventing the LasR protein from acting on LuxR-binding sequences (Fig. 1-1-3). Our mathematical model based on these results showed the circumvention of crosstalk in the circuit including toggle switch and crosstalk circumvention system(Fig. 1-1-5).


[Fig. 1-1-5. Our mathematical model for the circuit of E. ninja]
The solid/dotted lines stand for the case with/without the crosstalk circumvention. The expression of LacI is repressed through the crosstalk circumvention.


[Fig. 1-1-6. Our new part for inducible phage release]
We designed a new part for inducible phage release. Varoius promoters are allowed to be inserted upstream of g2p to regulate the phage release.


[Fig. 1-1-7. Distribution of plaques and analysis]
We analyzed the distribution of the plaques by using ImageJ.

In addition, E. ninja releases M13 phage, which corresponds to shuriken, when E. ninja receives E. samurai signal. The inducible phage release will open a new way in synthetic biology by achieving the programmed DNA messaging (Fig. 1-1-6).

In the second-life story, E. ninja starts farming in a peaceful village. He can increase plant growth by synthesizing several plant hormones depending on the soil environment. We constructed an improved phosphate sensor (phoA promoter, BBa_K1139201). Also, we learned methods for quantitative analysis for cytokinin, one of the plant hormones, through a bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts (Fig. 1-1-8). Towards further consideration of farming with microbes, we also continued the human practice investigation through some interviews with science foundations and organizations (Fig. 1-1-8).








Future Works


[Fig. 1-1-8. Our bioassay of cucumber seed sprouts]
We cultivated the sprouts in standard cytokinin sample solutions and then measured the weights of the sprouts and the concentrations of chlorophyll.

We believe that our project can contribute to various fields. First, our crosstalk circumvention system gives more flexibility to design genetic circuits. By adding only a few genes, you can circumvent crosstalk of AHL. Second, our inducible phage release system can make DNA messaging more complex and more diverse. Moreover, for bioremediation, we can search for new M13 phage hosts by using our designed M13 phage. Finally, our farming project is expected to act as a pioneering trail toward new approaches in farming. Especially, our strategy to produce plant hormones in temporal patterns in E. coli can be applied to studying the plants' response to external plant hormones. We hope to contribute to spreading the importance and the great possibilities of synthetic biology through the public.