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Team:TU-Munich/HumanPractice/Education
From 2013.igem.org
Introducing Synthetic Biology Kits at educational institutions
What is better than teaching one class about SynBio?
Enabling many teachers to complete this task!
"If you want to build a ship, do not drum up people together to collect wood and do not assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea."
- Antoine de Saint-Exupery
Introduction
Following this famous statement in pedagogics, we realized the importance to inspire and teach students in educational institutions to long for the endless immenseness of Synthetic Biology. We want to make it possible for disciples to take their first steps in the enormously evolving field of Synthetic Biology and let them take a breath of this subject, which will change the world in the near future due to its unlimited fields of application.
The idea is to send an "Educational-Kit" with all required reagents and lab-protocols, based on the experiments we designed, to educational institutions which are interested in inspiring young prospective people to think about a promising career in science. Our experiments are styled constitutive, based on every previously performed experiment, so every student, independent of training level, is able to understand and take notice of the resulting phenomena which Synthetic Biology makes possible.
The Educational-Kit
The reagents, which are necessary for the realization of the experiments are all found in the kit, except for competent cells, which have to be stored at -20°C. It was set much value on the autonomous preparation of the final reagents, which have to be used, so nearly all reagents will be send in their blank shape. Our aim is to, is that the students should learn as many steps as possible during the execution of the designed experiments. Following reagents are existent in the kit:
| Reagent | Amount of the Reagent | Is it existent in the kit? |
|---|---|---|
| LB-Medium | Reagents for about 3 L are in the kit | Yes |
| "Banana-Odor"-Plasmid | 100 µl (10 ng/µl) | Yes |
| "RFP-Generator"-Plasmid | 100 µl (10 ng/µl) | Yes |
| "Luciferase"-Plasmid | 100 µl (10 ng/µl) | Yes |
| Isoamylalcohol (>98 %) | 10 ml | Yes |
| Agar plates (Resistance: Kanamycin) | 4 Plates | Yes |
| Agar plates (Resistance: Chloramphenicol) | 2 | Yes |
| L-Arabinose (500 mM) | 3.76 g (50 ml) | Yes |
| Kanamycin | 25 ml | Yes |
| Chloramphenicol | 25 ml | Yes |
| Competent Cells | 6 Tubes (Aliquotvolume: 150 µl) | No |
As you may have noticed, we provide three different plasmids, which are used seperately in each designed experiment. After these experiments have been performed, disciples experienced the whole way from transformation, over cultivating cells, inducing the production of proteins and in the end demonstrate the conversion of a substrate by the produced enzyme.
Experiment Number 1: Bacteria in Red
The aim of the first experiment is to transform the "RFP-Generator"-Plasmid into Escherichia coli, which contains genes coding for Chloramphenicol resistance plus a red fluorophor, and to plate them on Chloramphenicol-Agarplates. The Agarplates, provided with the antibiotica Chloramphenicol, make a selection process possible, whose aim is to kill all bacteria which have not incorporated the "RFP-Generator"-Plasmid. The expression rate of the red fluorophor is controlled by a constitutive promotor, so the Red Fluorescent Protein is expressed continuously. After just about one day of incubation time, the students are able to notice a change in colour of the bacteria from ocher to red with the naked eye.
The Biobrick we used to realize this experiment was firstly designed by the iGEM Team of Groningen in 2010 to simplify the cloning step by detecting internalized plasmids, which self-circularized without integration of the desired insert. Bacteria, which internalize self-circularized Plasmids will produce red colonies, so these undesired bacterial colonies can be avoided in the next steps of the experiment, to be sure to use the right construct.
Experiment Number 2: Glowing Bacteria Lamp
In the second experiment students should perform the transformation, which they learned in experiment one, with the "Luciferase"-Plasmid which encodes genes for Kanamycin resistance and a lux - gene cassettte containing a protein-fluorophor called Luciferase. Another very important point is that the lux-gene is subordinated to a L-Arabinose Operon. After the transformation of the DNA-Plasmid has taken place, students should learn how to cultivate bacteria in liquid LB-Medium and how to induce protein expression by using L-Arabinose as an inductor of the L-Arabinose promotor. The glow of the Luciferase can be observed after just a couple of hours.
Experiment Number 3: Banana Odor Generator
In the third experiment, all aspects learned in the previous experiments come together. The "Banana-Odor"-Plasmid encodes an enzyme called Alcohol-Acetyltransferase I. This enzyme is able to convert Isoamylalcohol into Isoamylacetat, which spreads the odor of banana. Additionally the plasmid harbors a resistance gene for Kanamycin and an inducible L-Arabinose promotor, which controls the expressions rate of the Alcohol-Acetyltransferase I enzyme. The students should transform the "Banana-Odor"-Plasmid into Escherichia coli, cultivate the successfully transformed bacteria in a larger scale and in the end, induce the protein expression by using L-Arabinose. In the last step, the students should add the substrate Isoamylalcohol to the cell culture, so the produced enzyme can transform it into Isoamylacetat.
The Biobrick, which spreads the odor of banana, after transforming its substrate, was first established by the iGEM Team of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2006. Their aim was to produce different compounds in Escherichia coli that smell fragrant. Another very interesting application of the "Banana-Odor" Biobrick is pursued by the iGEM Team of Queens in 2013. This team tries to neutralize foot odour by creating a skin creme containing bacteria with a genetical engineered metabolic pathway to neutralize the volatile compounds that cause these smells. This pathway begins with the uptake of isovaleric acid, a known mosquito semiochemical that is present is foot odour, and converts it into banana smell. By establishing this skin creme, it should be possible to prevent people from being attacked by mosquitos and saved from typical alienable diseases mosquitos spread.
Target Audience
The target audience for our kit are secondary schools with focus on a biotechnical educational pathway, so all students have access to the required laboratory equipment for the experiments. Before sending the kits to the schools, we tested them in detail - with success. All schools we contacted to spread our Synthetic Biology kits are very enthusiastic concerning our idea of supporting young prospective scientists, so they are very excited to receive and use our kit!
Availability of the School-kit
We appreciate other interested schools in trying our “School kits”. Do not hesitate contacting us, so we can supply you with our forward-looking Synthetic Biology “School-Kit”!
You can send requests to: igem@wzw.tum.de
References
[Close D et al., 2012] Close D, Xu T, Smartt A, Rogers A, Crossley R, Price S, Ripp S, Sayler G (2012). The evolution of the bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) as a real-time bioreporter. Sensors, 12(1):732-52.
[BBa_K801100: "RFP-Generator"-Biobrick]
[BBa_J45014:"Banana-Odor"-Biobrick]
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