Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project

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You are provided with this team page template with which to start the iGEM season.  You may choose to personalize it to fit your team but keep the same "look." Or you may choose to take your team wiki to a different level and design your own wiki.  You can find some examples <a href="https://2008.igem.org/Help:Template/Examples">HERE</a>.
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{| style="color:#1b2c8a;background-color:#0c6;" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" border="1" bordercolor="#fff" width="62%" align="center"
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<h2 class="map-tytle">
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei|Home]]
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Project Design Map
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Team|Team]]
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</h2>
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!align="center"|[https://igem.org/Team.cgi?year=2013&team_name=NYMU-Taipei Official Team Profile]
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<h3>
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project|Project]]
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Use the Clicks inside To See How Our Bee. coli Works！
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Parts|Parts Submitted to the Registry]]
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</h3>
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Modeling|Modeling]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Notebook|Notebook]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Safety|Safety]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:NYMU-Taipei/Attributions|Attributions]]
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    <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Enter">
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/98/NYMU-Enter.jpg" ></img>
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    <h3 class="tag" style="float: left; margin-left: 5px; padding-top: 160px;">Enter of Bee.coli</h3>
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    <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Inhibition/Prohibition">
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/8/89/NYMU-Sensor.jpg" ></img>
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    <h3 class="tag" style="padding-top: 130px;">Prohibiting Sprouting</h3>
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    <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Inhibition/Sensor">
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/b/bf/NYMU-Prohibit.jpg" ></img>
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    <h3 class="tag" style="margin-top= 10px;">Sensing Nosema</h3>
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== '''Overall project''' ==
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    <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Inhibition/Killing">
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/b/b2/NYMU-Kill.jpg"></img>
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    <h3 class="tag" style="padding-top: 50px;">Killing Nosema</h3>
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The final goal of our research is to solve the Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), which is a severe disease that causes bees to dramatically decline or disappear, in hope of protecting the eco-system, food supply and agricultural economy. Since the culprit of CCD is a kind of microsporidian called Nosema ceranae, we create Bee.coli to strengthen bees’ immune system and further ripe N. ceranae out.  
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    <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Kill">
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The dormant stage of N. ceranae is a long-lived spore which is small enough to be ingested by bees through food or water. When N. ceranae travels to bees’ midgut, it will germinate polar filament to reach epithelial cells. Midgut cells are dominated by N. ceranae and bee’s ability to gain nutrition is thus decreased. In addition, some spores will come out in feces, leading to feces-oral or oral-oral infection in the beehive. N. ceranae is fatal to bees; however, so far there has been no efficient way to stop this pathogen. This year, we endow Bee. coli with multiple functions to resist the invasion of N. ceranae, hoping to cure CCD and prevent colonial infection thoroughly.
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/7/77/NYMU-Suiside.jpg"></img>
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Bee. coli’s fuctions are designed to work sequentially. Before N. ceranae approaches midgut cells, Bee. coli will secret mannosidase to inhibit N. ceranae from growing polar filament. Epithelial cells will secret ROS (reactive oxygen species) once being attacked by N. ceranae. ROS will activate OxyR promoter in Bee. coli, serving as the sign of N. ceranae invasion, eventually resulting in Bee. coli producing substances such as defensin and abaecin that can kill N. ceranae while being safe to bees and Bee. coli itself. Moreover, if the methods above unfortunately fail, Bee. coli will secret ethanol to kill the single bee, that is to say, to sacrifice few infected bee in order to protect the healthy bees.
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    <h3 class="tag">Suicide Solution</h3>
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Considering the safety issue, Bee. coli is designed to commit suicide if it escapes from midgut. Once Bee. coli senses that the pH of the environment is different from that of midgut, Bee. coli will produce lysis protein and kill itself. Last but not the least, to make Bee. coli more practical, we choose the bacterial community naturally colonized in honeybees' gut, E.coli MG1655 included in the k-12 strain to enhance Bee. coli’s possibility of survival. We are trying to use encapsulation to transport Bee. coli to bee’s midgut. The beekeepers add capsules into water and then bees can consume Bee. coli through their diet. That way, Bee. coli can come into reality and solve the CCD problem.
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== Project Details==
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===Backgroud knowledge of ''Nosema ceranae''===
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Honey bee is a social insect and can be divided into several classes – queens, drones, and workers, which can further be classified into field bee (which is responsible for getting honey from the nature) and house bee (which is responsible for cleaning hives). However, a single bee (especially field bee) may fall ill to CCD when it intakes water or food contaminated by ''Nosema ceranae'' spores. What’s worse, CCD may in turn spread to other bees through exchanging substances via mouthparts or feeding food to sacbroods.
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After getting into bees’ midgut, Nosema spores will germinate, elongate its polarfilament, and pierce into midgut epithelial cells to transmit its genetic material. After finishing several life cycles, the infected epithelial cells will burst, leading to the spread of Nosema spores to nearby epithelial cells.
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The life cycle of ''Nosema Ceranae'':
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[[File: NYMU_life cycle of N.png|center]]
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=== Part 2 ===
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The spores of ''Nosema ceranae'':
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[[File: NYMU_99.png|center]]
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The method is to let bees ingest the encapsulated ''Bee. coli'', which is suspended in sugar solution and will proliferate in bees’ midgut to build up bees’ immunity.
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===Circuit Regulation===
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=== The Experiments ===
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=== Part 3 ===
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== Results ==
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{{:Team:NYMU-Taipei/Footer}}

Latest revision as of 11:16, 14 October 2013

National Yang Ming University


Project Design Map

Use the Clicks inside To See How Our Bee. coli Works！

Enter of Bee.coli

Prohibiting Sprouting

Sensing Nosema

Killing Nosema

Suicide Solution

Backgroud knowledge of Nosema ceranae

Honey bee is a social insect and can be divided into several classes – queens, drones, and workers, which can further be classified into field bee (which is responsible for getting honey from the nature) and house bee (which is responsible for cleaning hives). However, a single bee (especially field bee) may fall ill to CCD when it intakes water or food contaminated by Nosema ceranae spores. What’s worse, CCD may in turn spread to other bees through exchanging substances via mouthparts or feeding food to sacbroods.

After getting into bees’ midgut, Nosema spores will germinate, elongate its polarfilament, and pierce into midgut epithelial cells to transmit its genetic material. After finishing several life cycles, the infected epithelial cells will burst, leading to the spread of Nosema spores to nearby epithelial cells.

The life cycle of Nosema Ceranae:

NYMU life cycle of N.png

The spores of Nosema ceranae:

NYMU 99.png

The method is to let bees ingest the encapsulated Bee. coli, which is suspended in sugar solution and will proliferate in bees’ midgut to build up bees’ immunity.


Circuit Regulation

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